Polish, as I understand it

All such words in Polish, so far as I am aware, are feminine nouns formed by an adjective plus the suffix -ość to form names of abstract concepts like feelings. miłość               - love solidarność     - solidarity jedność               - oneness / unity nieczułość          - callousness bezduszność          - soullessness / heartlessness radość                    - joy pobożność          - piety męskość               -  masculinity (yes this is a feminine word 🤯)

Remember mowić ( + dative) - to tell someone, but click here for talking to someone Mówiłem ci - I told you Mówiła mu / jej  - she told him / her Mówiłaś mi - you (fem.) told me Dative forms of some names: Aga ta     -    Aga cie Agniesz ka     -    Agniesz ce Aleksan dra     -    Aleksan drze An na     -    An nie Ani a     -     Ani Basi a     -     Basi Emi lia     -    Emi lii Eweli na     -    Eweli nie Gabrie la       -    Gabrie li Grzegorz     -    Grzegorz owi Hele na     -    Hele nie Janusz     -    Janusz owi Ju lia     -    Ju lii Justy na     -    Justy nie Kin ga     -    Kin dze Klau dia     -    Klau dii Madzi a     -     Madzi Mag da     -    Mag dzie Małgorza ta     -    Małgorza cie Ma ria     -    Ma rii Mar ta     -    Mar cie Mateusz     -    Mateusz owi Nata lia     -    Nata lii O la     -    O li Pauli na     -    Pauli nie Patryc ja     -    Patryc ji Tadzeusz     -    Tadeusz owi Tadzio     -    Tadzi owi Weroni ka     -    Weroni ce Zo fia       -    Z

The verb for talking / chatting / conversing is rozmawiać (impf) and porozmawiać (pf) For talking / chatting to someone it is useful to think of it as conversing with them and then, because we are using z (with) we should remember that what follows is in the instrumental case . 🇵🇱 Po rozmawia tylko z dzieckiem rano i po południu, mama naprawdę potrzybuje rozmawiać z dorosłymi 🇬🇧 After only talking to the baby in the morning and afternoon, Mum really needs to talk with adults. Present tense of rozmawiać person singular plural 1st rozmawiam rozmawiamy 2nd rozmawiasz rozmawiacie 3rd rozmawia rozmawiają Past tense pers singular plural 1st rozmawiał em / am rozmawia li śmy/ ły śmy 2nd rozmawiał eś / aś rozmawia li ście/ ły ście 3rd rozmawiał/ a rozmawia li / ły Similar to the verb for telling someone about something or someone we use o followed by the thing we are talking about in the locative case. np. Rozmawiały o toksycznej męskości They (fem) were talking abo

Dzisiaj próbuję zrobić jagodzianki, ale pomyliłem borówki z jagodami.  Nie był jedyny problem. Today I was trying to make jagodzianki, but I confused blueberries and bilberries.  That wasn't the only problem. s/ próbować - to try jagodzianki - plural of jagodzianka jagodzianka - a bun filled with bilberries jagoda - bilberry borówka - blueberry jagodianki z borówkami - when you substitute blueberries for bilberries, whether you meant to or not. pomylić (pf.) - to confuse / mix up / mistake mylić - imperfective form  pomylić coś z czymś (instr.) - to confuse something with something pomyliłem / pomyliłam... - I confused... pomyliłeś / aś ... - you confused... pomylił / a ... - he / she confused... pomyliliśmy / -łyśmy pomyliliście / -łyście pomylili / -ły

Brać     -     the verb to take in it's imperfective form.  Like English, you can take a shower, take a tablet , take no prisoners, take payment, take something (with your hands), take by force and more besides. Biorę prysznic     -     I'm taking a shower Czy bierzesz prysznic?     -     Are you taking a shower? bierze      -     s/he is taking plurals: bierzemy / bierzecie / biorą     Brałem prysznic     -     I was taking a shower (said by a male) Brałam prysznic     -     I was taking a shower (said by a woman) brałeś / brałaś - 2nd person sing. masc. / fem. past tense brał / brała - 3rd I'm going to leave the plurals for now.  Partly for simplicity and partly because I'm an uptight Englishman and communal showering is just too horrific to contemplate and only the young focus on the sexy side of showering with your partner, ignoring the risk to life and limb or, at any rate, the environmental impact of such a long shower. As mentioned in the post on taking tablets ,

 to state the time, we say: jest godzina... or jest...     followed by an ordinal number so we're saying it's the first / second / third hour if we are not using the 24 hour clock, we may need to say that it's in the morning      -     rano just before noon     -     przed południem          e.g: for 11am in the afternoon     -     po południu in the evening     -     wieczorem at night     -     w nocy and if we are using the 24 hour clock we carry on with the ordinal numbers up to midnight, północ,  which in Polish is stated as the 24th hour as opposed to our zero hour. When saying something is at  a certain time we say: ... o  + the time in the genitive case essentially replacing the a  at the end of the ordinal number with ej for all numbers except druga  where you replace the a  with iej . Times before and past the hour (using the 12 hour clock) When stating the time, the minutes to the hour are stated as a normal cardinal number (one, two, three, etc.) and the hour is

Chester University is running Polish evening classes.  It works out around £7.50 a week over the year or, based on 26 weeks of two hour classes, £7.48 per hour.  They currently offer the Beginners course for absolute newbies to Polish, the Beginners + course for those with a little knowledge of Polish (with the option to swap down to the Beginners if you're not quite up to it in the first few weeks.) and the Intermediate + course for those who have studied Polish before and want a refresher / step up. Click on the image below to be taken to the University's page: I became irritated by google searches for face to face Polish tuition in Cheshire coming up with over-priced online tuition.  So, if you are looking for Polish evening classes in Cheshire, or more specifically Chester, then check out Chester University's Languages and Cultures department.

 Dictionaries in print and online, including Google translate, seem to be at odds with what native Polish speakers call these fruits. Bilberries (on the left) are called jagody (jagoda, singular).  According to wiktionary, this is a colloquial use.  Bilberries are smaller than blueberries and tend to be foraged and not widely sold in the shops.  You may find them sold by volume in markets.  They are the essential ingredient for jagodzianki - bilberry filled buns. Blueberries (on the right) are called borówki (borówka, singular). They are larger and sold widely. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) - jagoda The common bilberry is a deciduous ( liściasty in Polish), suckering shrub (it can send up new shoots from its roots around the perimeter of the original plant.  It has glossy green leaves, wider at the base, tapering to the apex, often turning red / orange in autumn and blue-black berries.  Tends to be 10cm to 50cm tall. Blueberry   (Vaccinium caesariense / V. corymbosum) - borówka T